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Longevity Therapeutics & Nutraceuticals

Spotlight: NAD+ Boosters, Resveratrol and Metformin

NAD+ Boosters

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a key metabolite, and its levels are closely monitored by the cell in order to tune and balance its metabolic reactions. During calorie restriction, NAD+ levels increase, triggering a specific network of metabolic reactions that have been shown to provide varied health benefits. As we age, levels of NAD+ decline. NAD+ also serves as a coenzyme, or helper molecule, for hundreds of critical enzymes in our cells. This includes the sirtuin family of enzymes. In 2000, preclinical models showed that the beneficial effects of caloric restriction on lifespan and healthspan were mediated by sirtuins and NAD+. Since then, sirtuins have emerged as key regulators of the nutrient-sensitive metabolic regulatory circuit with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) showing the ability to boost NAD+ levels in human cells.

Three of the seven sirtuins reside in mitochondria. Of these, SIRT3 (sirtuin 3) is the most studied and plays an essential role in maintaining mitochondrial health and metabolic control—from glucose metabolism, ATP production, fatty acid oxidation, and ketone production during fasting, to amino acid cycling. It has even been implicated in nutrient sensing. As with NAD+, levels of mitochondrial sirtuins also decline with age.

Mitochondria play a critical role in lifelong health due to their fundamental function creating energy in cells. The mitochondrial sirtuin, SIRT3, is normally activated by a calorie-restricted diet to foster greater energy production and damage protection in these cellular powerhouses. In human studies, NMN has been shown to promote insulin sensitivity in muscle as well as increased VO2 max and aerobic capacity. In aging animals, it has also been shown to improve blood flow and vascular health, and increase endurance. This novel, mitochondria-centric product is formulated to counter aging-dependent declines in metabolism by promoting youthful energetics and metabolic efficiency.

Resveratrol

Resveratrol and Extended Life Span: What You Need to Know

Increases Life Span

Resveratrol, a health-promoting compound found in grapes, has been shown to increase life span in several animal species.

Improve Insulin Sensitivity

In a recent Harvard study, mice that consumed a high-calorie diet known to shorten life lived longer when they also consumed resveratrol. These mice also had better coordination, less heart and liver damage, and better insulin sensitivity than overweight mice that were not fed resveratrol.

Helps Prevent Heart Disease

Scientists have proposed that resveratrol in red wine may help explain the “French paradox”—the fact that cardiovascular disease rates in France are relatively low, despite a diet traditionally high in fat. Because widespread use of pesticides has diminished the amount of resveratrol contained in grapes and red wine, supplemental resveratrol may the best way to ensure optimal intake.

Helps prevent Neurodegenerative Conditions

Laboratory and animal studies suggest that resveratrol may have therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disease, cancer, inflammatory arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions. Clinical trials studying resveratrol’s effects on cancer and diabetes are also under way.

Supports Longevity

Resveratrol may enhance health and support longevity via several mechanisms. These include its potent antioxidant effects, ability to enhance cellular energy production, and ability to influence patterns of gene expression in a manner similar to caloric restriction (the best-documented method of extending life span in animals).

Safe and Nontoxic

Because resveratrol exerts protective effects through a variety of mechanisms, it may be a useful supplement for healthy adults wishing to reduce their risk of chronic disease and live a long and healthy life. Studies to date suggest that resveratrol is safe and nontoxic.

Metformin

Metformin treatment has been around for half a century, but its primary focus has been treating diabetes mellitus, including type 2 diabetes, by regulating glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity, which declines as we age.

The diabetes care pharmaceutical goes beyond lowering blood glucose levels and has the potential to inhibit aging by boosting AMPK activity.

Boosting AMPK activity brings a wide array of benefits that extend beyond glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity. Placebo-controlled studies have shown that this diabetes treatment can help protect against cancer, heart disease, and obesity.

How? AMPK-activated pathways promote youthful cellular function, which is essential for whole-body health. Moreover, AMPK activity helps stimulate the body’s ability to burn fat as energy instead of storing it.

As a result, metformin treatment can help promote weight loss. Whether you have diabetes or not, you’ll want to speak with your doctor to see if metformin treatment can help you improve insulin sensitivity, regulate glucose, achieve weight loss and increase your longevity.

All Medications & Supplements Available for LION Health Members